What’s left of the protest song? From Woody Guthrie to Bruce Springsteen
Woody Guthrie called them protest songs. So did Bob Dylan in the days when he was still following in Woody’s footsteps, writing classics such as Blowin’ in the Wind and The Times They Are A-Changin’.
Times have indeed changed. Dylan eventually moved away from that kind of songwriting, while Francesco De Gregori’s last collection of original material remains the beautiful Sulla strada, released in 2015. Bruce Springsteen, on the other hand, has remained remarkably consistent over the years, openly criticizing Republican policies and lending his support to Democratic causes.
As early as Cantautore and Viva la guerra, Edoardo Bennato challenged us to rethink the role an artist should play in political and social affairs. This does not mean being timid or indifferent. Rather, it means encouraging audiences to see the world from a different perspective—one where reality is rarely divided into clear-cut heroes and villains. More often than not, villains disguise themselves as heroes, and heroes can reveal darker sides.
Everyone has their own view of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Many see an undeniable reality: a Jewish people devastated by Hitler’s persecution, who, with Western support, established and expanded a state while displacing, humiliating, and killing Arab populations in the process. Today, innocent lives continue to be lost in the name of Israel’s security. At the same time, it is equally undeniable that a significant part of the Arab world has never fully accepted Israel’s presence in the region. As always, the highest price is paid by ordinary people—those trapped in a narrow strip of land, caught between forces far beyond their control.
What much of the Italian public seems unwilling to understand is that Francesco De Gregori—the songwriter behind Generale, L’agnello di Dio, and Viva l’Italia—has always allowed his songs to speak for themselves. His work is an act of love toward humanity, a collection of deeply human reflections and universal appeals for peace. Once a song is enlisted in support of a specific political cause, it inevitably risks losing part of its universal meaning.
Here is the Lamb of God,
dressed as a soldier,
with shattered legs,
and a bloodied nose.
He hides beneath the earth,
holding a man’s head in his hands.The Lamb of God (1996)
Perhaps De Gregori’s criticism of Springsteen was, at its core, a way of saying: “I will never tell you exactly what you want to hear, even when my convictions are perfectly clear.” For someone like him, standing with the vulnerable hardly needs to be stated.
At the risk of appearing aloof or even arrogant, De Gregori accepts the possibility of being misunderstood—or disliked altogether. That is the price of believing that music can transcend political messaging, ideological camps, and partisan divisions.
There is nothing more human than a song, especially in an age when some believe that human sensitivity and creativity can be replaced by binary code.








